Potential Cognitive and Memory Enhancing Property of the Caulerpa Lentillifera (Lato) & Kappaphycus Alvarezii (Guso).

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Rationale It is true that some of us get more forgetful as we age. It may take longer to learn new things, remember certain words, or find our glasses. These changes are often signs of forgetfulness. Brain scientists believe that the effects of normal aging on memory may result from the subtly changing environment within the brain. With aging, the brain seems to lose cells in areas that produce important neurotransmitters, upsetting the brain’s delicate balance of these chemical messengers. Other changes occur in the brain’s white matter, which is made up of nerve cell fibers, the â€Å"telephone cables† of brain cells through which communication with other cells takes place. Just how these changes affect memory is not entirely clear, but it may be that they decrease the efficiency of cell-to-cell communication. What the scientist knows is as we get older, our capability to lay down fresh memories may be affected, making it more difficult to learn new things. It’s not so much that we forget more easily, but that we may take longer to learn the information in the first place A lot of studies have been made in different substance for its potential property on enhancing memory and cognition. Docosahexaenoic acid is one of them. DHA is the most abundant omega-3 fatty acid in the brain. DHA is believe that it could maintain memory and support overall cognitive health. A carotenoid namely fucoxanthin increase the amount DHA in the biological system without intake of fish oil supplementation. It is also consider that low carotenoid levels could play a role in cognitive impairment. Phytochemicals such as antioxidants polyphenolic compounds flavonoids occur all over in foods of plant origin like fruits and vegetable, carotenoids, vitamin E and vitamin C have also a possible in improving age-related neurological dysfunction. These substances could also be found in marine algae and other marine organism. DHA is mostly found in the fish oil but the DHA originates from the photosynthetic and heterotrophic microalgae and macroalgae that the fish ate and other marine creature. Phytochemical such as flavonoids is found also in algae. Knowing about this there could be a possibility for its memory and cognitive enhancing property. Eating seaweeds could have its benefits. It is time to get to know the seaweeds known in the Filipino tables which are Caulerpa lentillifera (lato), Kappaphycus alvarezii (guso) and lukot although everyone calls it a ‘seaweed', â€Å"lukot† is anything but a the ‘secretions' of the creature dongsul/Sea Hare (Dolabella auricularia) and it is not an algae but it eats algae. With all this information there could be a possibility for its memory and cognitive enhancing property. Thus this study is to be conducted. A. kappaphycus alvarezii (Guso)B. Caulerpa lentillifera (Lato) www. ruffordsmallgrants. orgwww. backpackingphilippines. com C. Egg mass of Sea Hare (Dolabella auriculari) (Lukot) www. marketmanila. com Fig. 1 A, B, C: Seaweeds and Egg Mass Used in the Experiments Objective of the Study This study aims to determine the memory and cognitive enhancing properties of Caulerpa Lentillifera (lato), Kappaphycus alvarezii (guso) and and egg mass of Sea Hare(Dolabella auricularia) on mature albino mice. 1. To determine the average time at which the mice were able to complete the task after the allotted period for the consumption of the pigeon pellets, Caulerpa Lentillifera (lato), Kappaphycus alvarezii (guso) and egg mass of Sea Hare(Dolabella auricularia). 2. To compare which of the treatment Caulerpa Lentillifera (lato), Kappaphycus alvarezii (guso) and â€Å"lukot† egg mass of Sea Hare(Dolabella auricularia) have more cognitive and memory enhancing property. Significance of the Study The importance of the study is to help us reveal the potential cognitive and memory enhancing property of the Caulerpa lentillifera (lato) & Kappaphycus alvarezii (guso). Once its memory-cognition enhancing property is determine, this study promotes the consumption of edible eaweeds and other marine creatures to be part of the diet of average Filipino citizen like the Japanese people. Incorporating it through our daily meals could be use as a preventive measure away from dementia, Alzheimer’s and other memory-cognitive decline diseases. Moreover this study will present additional information to the other researchers with their studies in improving the memory & cognition and those researchers doing investigation & experimentation on Caulerpa le ntillifera (lato), Kappaphycus alvarezii (guso)and egg mass of Sea Hare(Dolabella auricularia). Scope and Limitation The study only focuses on Caulerpa lentillifera (lato), Kappaphycus alvarezii (guso) and and egg mass (lukot) of Sea Hare (Dolabella auricularia) and its cognitive-memory enhancing property. The seaweeds and the egg mass will be purchased in Carbon Public Market. The experimentation will takes place in University of San Carlos- Animal House, Pharmacological Testing Room where there is sufficient air, light and ventilation and the testing period will take 20 days. The mature albino white mice will be coming from one single source and will weigh 25-30grams. The method will be use in measuring memory and cognition will be Morris Water Maze. The time that the rat reaches the platform is used as the basis of analysis on the memory-cognitive enhancing property. This study only provide information on the effectiveness of the macroalgae Caulerpa lentillifera (lato) & Kappaphycus alvarezii (guso) and egg mass (lukot) of Sea Hare(Dolabella auricularia) on their cognitive-memory enhancing property. Definition of Terms Cognition- A term referring to the mental processes involved in gaining knowledge and comprehension, including thinking, knowing, remembering, judging and problem-solving. DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid )-An omega-3, polyunsaturated, 22-carbon fatty acid found almost exclusively in fish and marine animal oils. Latency- The amount of time a message takes to traverse a system. Memory- Refers to the processes that are used to acquire, store, retain and later retrieve information. There are three major processes involved in memory: encoding, storage and retrieval. Non-sequential- Not in logical order or sequence. Spatial- With reference to space or arrangement in space. Quasi-random- A low-discrepancy sequence. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE One of the memory & cognition decline is caused by oxidative stress and epigenetic changes. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that progressive oxidative damage is a conserved, central mechanism of age-related functional decline moreover; genes that mediate oxidative stress responses and DNA damage repair constitute the largest class of genes up regulated in the ageing human prefrontal cortex. Dietary antioxidants can suppress many age-related gene expressions and can reduce cognitive decline and prevent oxidative damage to the brain in ageing rats (Bishop et al. , 2010). Eating food rich in phytochemicals improves the aged-related neurological dysfunction including the most devastating of these, are Alzheimer’s disease [AD] and Parkinson’s disease [PD]. Phytochemicals such as consumption of dietary antioxidants polyphenolic compounds (flavonoids) occur ubiquitously in foods of plant origin (fruits and vegetable), Carotenoids, vitamin E and vitamin C (Youdim and Joseph, 2001) A study was done showing the relationship between cognitive performance (assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination, Trail Making Test Part B, Digit Symbol Substitution, Finger Tapping Test, and Word Fluency Test) and different plasma carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, b-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, a-carotene, and trans-bcarotene and cis-b-carotene) in a healthy elderly population. Logistic regression showed that participants with the lowest cognitive functioning (25th percentile) had a higher probability of having low levels of specific plasma carotenoids (,1st quartile): lycopene and zeaxanthin. This shows that Low carotenoid level in the blood could be the cause of cognitive impairment. (Akbaraly, et al. 2007). Fucoxanthum a carotenoid extracted in macroalgae by using of powdered seaweed (Undaria Pinnatifida) with chloroform/methanol (2:1) v/v. Undaria lipids containing the Fucoxanthin 9. 6% was obtained from the powdered seaweed while 78% from the crude. Fucoxanthin also enhances the amount of DHA in the liver. This shows the chance of dietary fucoxanthin stimulated increase DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) in biological system without direct DHA supplementation. DHA is naturally originate in the body in small amounts, and is the most abundant omega 3 fatty acid in the brain. DHA oil is abundant in some marine microalgae (Miyashita, et al. 2008). A Twenty-four week supplementation with 900 mg/d DHA improved learning and memory function in age related cognitive decline (ARCD) and is a beneficial supplement that supports cognitive health with aging and with Alzheimer’s disease. The omega-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are orthomolecular, conditionally essential nutrients that enhance quality of life and lower the risk of premature death. They function exclusively via cell membranes, in which they are anchored by phospholipid molecules. DHA is proven essential to pre- and postnatal brain development, whereas EPA seems more influential on behavior and mood. Both DHA and EPA generate neuroprotective metabolites. In doubleblind, randomized, controlled trials, DHA and EPA combinations have been shown to benefit attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), autism, dyspraxia, dyslexia, and aggression. For the affective disorders, meta-analyses confirm benefits in major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder, with promising results in schizophrenia and initial benefit for borderline personality disorder. Accelerated cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) correlate with lowered tissue levels of DHA/EPA, and supplementation has improved cognitive function. Altern Med Rev, 2007). Twenty weaning Sprague Dawley (SD) female rats were randomly divided into two groups and fed either with a diet that was adequate in LNA (n-3 Adq) or with a diet that was deficient in LNA (n-3 Def). In the MWM test, the escape latency of both groups gradually decreased over the testing period, indicating an improvement in performance for both groups. In general, the n-3 Adq group had shorter late ncies to locate the escape platform than the n-3-Def rats (P

Designing lesson tasks and materials

TASKS AND MATERIALS DESIGNED Willis ( 1996 ) has proposed a elaborate model for forming lessons which involves the phases of pre-task, undertaking and linguistic communication focal point. In the first phase, the instructor introduces the subject and pupils are involved in a communicative undertaking that will assist them remember words and phrases and brainstorm thoughts that might be utile in executing the chief undertaking. What follows is what Willis calls the ‘task cycle’ in which scholars perform the existent undertaking, in braces or groups. Then, they prepare a study and show their findings to the category. As Manolopoulou-Sergi references, â€Å"after that is their attending directed towards specific characteristics of linguistic communication signifier† ( Manolopoulou-Sergi et al. , 2004:171 ) . In add-on, as Carless observesâ€Å"the post-task stage can besides lend to reminding students†¦that while the undertaking may hold been gratifying, there were serious larning purposes underpinning it†( Carless, 2007:604 ) . The three adapted undertakings follow the aforesaid undertaking construction proposed by Willis. Undertaking 1 ( see Appendix II ) focuses on developing reading, listening, speech production and composing accomplishments utilizing communicative teaching method in a series of undertakings taking to steer pupils in developing the accomplishments necessary to form an original travel path. The subject is derived from the text edition ‘On Screen’ but everything else has been changed. More specifically, the pre-task or ‘warm-up’ activity attempts to trip content scheme, pulling on students’ bing cognition ( see Appendix II ) . The existent undertaking is a saber saw reading undertaking which serves both as an reliable input and it is besides an illustration of the mark undertaking pupils are so asked to make. In finishing the mark undertaking, pupils need to entree Google maps and follow the finish described in the reading text. Therefore, scholars will go more familiar with some tourer sites in Athens, every bit good as let the usage of engineering in a purposeful manner as they may be asked to make in existent life. Furthermore, pupils in groups of 2 or 3 are asked to develop a twenty-four hours path in their country for a friend abroad taking into consideration his/her likes and disfavors ( see Appendix II ) . Giving pupils the chance to seek on a different country will ask ‘coaction and interaction’in order to successfully finish the undertaking ( information spread ) . In add-on, though this undertaking pupils will develop travel related vocabulary. Students are so asked to show their paths in forepart of the category which will actuate them to make well-designed and interesting paths. Finally, in the post-phase, the instructor leads a treatment on the completed undertaking ( the presentation ) which will unite a linguistic communication focal point every bit good as acknowledging of import information from the publi shed article that should hold been included in the students’ presentation. What follows is a repeat of the schemes of a well-designed presentation/speech ( mentioning to a old unit ) and an existent presentation of the published article, therefore, giving scholars the chance to pattern the process and linguistic communication of a presentation one time more. Traveling on to Task 2, as a pre-task pupils are asked to bring forth a text ( see Appendix II ) through quickwriting. The undertaking is contextualized by supplying a intent and audience. Students are so encouraged to compare their quickwritings with another schoolmate and make up one's mind on a intent for composing. Therefore, pupils are asked to reflect on their Hagiographas and assist them develop schemes required in cognition transforming. In the task-cycle pupils are foremost introduced to a gap-filling activity which may non be an open-ended, procedure oriented activity or may non supply for specific written results, but will prosecute scholars in originative and synergistic ( with the speech production activity at the terminal ) state of affairss bring forthing thoughts for the existent authorship and giving scholars a feeling of success. Then, what follows is a 2nd bill of exchange and a alteration of it where pupils have the opportunity to measure their equals at a non-fin al phase with the aid of specific rating points. Through this, pupils are encouraged to portion ( verbal studies ) among themselves and assist them understand what goes in the writer’s and reader’s head and what schemes to utilize in order to acquire intending through a text ( metacognitive scheme ) . Furthermore, the following and concluding phase involves linguistic communication consciousness exercisings which are designed with the lone intent to bring forth more thoughts before pupils start composing their concluding bill of exchanges ( see Appendix II ) . Overall, this undertaking and the three phase intervention of composing a text is to let pupils to command, modify and farther develop their merchandise. Geting started can be hard and therefore, in the 3rd undertaking the instructor foremost introduces the subject and encourages scholars to brainstorm thoughts with the usage of wordlists ( see Appendix II ) . Then, in the task-cycle pupils are divided into groups sharing thoughts on a problem-solving activity where they have to come up with a text utilizing specific words and phrases given by the instructor. This collaborative authorship is particularly valuable as it involves other accomplishments as good ( e.g. talking ) . In add-on, this problem-solving activity will advance dialogue of significance andâ€Å"push scholars to prosecute in checking and clear uping as they go along†( Skehan, 2002:291 ) . Once each group has completed the text, they will be encouraged to show it in category and the remainder of the pupils to notice on it, therefore paying attending on signifier by holding the chance to ‘become teachers’ . Finally, in the last phase there is a liste ning activity in which pupils are asked to place specific words from the wordlist and so make full in the spreads of the paragraphs ( see Appendix II ) . The post-task stage is a opportunity to concentrate on linguistic communication and as Carless saysâ€Å"it is important to take the kids see the connexion between the undertaking they have merely done and some linguistic communication work†( Carless, 2007:601 ) . Scaling AND SEQUENCING CRITERIA Rating and sequencing of undertakings is so a major challenge for instructors and task-based course of study interior decorators. Therefore, a figure of theoretical accounts and standards for rating and sequencing undertakings have been developed. Two of the most popular models for the sequencing of undertakings are Skehan’s ( 1996 ) and Robinson’s ( 2001 ) . Although the procedure of rating and sequencing undertakings seems arbitrary and harmonizing to teachers’ judgement, I have chosen Robinson’s model to place ‘task complexity’ and later usage for the scaling of my undertakings. The ground for taking Robinson is as Steenkamp et Al. specifies â€Å"Robinson conducted research to find the function of undertaking sequencing in learners’ production† ( Steenkamp et al. , 2011:13 ) and I am covering with a productive country, that of authorship. Robinson distinguishes three factors that influence the complexness of a undertaking viz. â€Å"cognitively defined undertaking complexness, scholars perceptual experience of undertaking trouble and the synergistic conditions under which undertakings are performed† ( Robinson, 2001b:27 ) . Task trouble and undertaking conditions are factors that might act upon methodological analysis and the determinations instructors will be asked to do for successful undertaking completion, but as they deal largely with learners’ affectional sensitivity and ability factors they can non be manipulated beforehand. In contrast, as Robinson states â€Å"undertaking complexness is the exclusive footing of pedagogic undertaking sequence† ( Robinson, 2007 in Steenkamp et al. , 2011:18 ) , and it has to make with the undertaking itself. Therefore, it can be manipulated and predicted in progress. Furthermore, Robinson claims that â€Å"the greater the cognitive demands of a undertaking , the more they engage cognitive resources ( attending and memory ) an so are likely to concentrate attending on input and end product which will hold public presentation effects† ( Manolopoulou-Sergi et al. , 2004:176-177 ) . Along these lines, I focused on the factors that influence cognitive complexness such as  ± individual undertaking,  ± prior cognition,  ± planning clip,  ± there and now,  ± concluding and more ( see Appendix III ) . In peculiar, the undertakings presented in the old subdivision are sequenced this manner chiefly because I want scholars to set about activities which become progressively demanding, i.e. traveling from comprehension-based activities ( saber saw reading/ Task 1/ see Appendix II ) to controlled production activities and exercisings ( pros and cons of nomadic phones/ Task 2/ see Appendix II ) and eventually to activities affecting reliable communicating and interaction ( carnival/ Task 3/ see Appendix II ) . Additionally, undertakings with closed results ( Task 1 ) should be presented before more open-ended undertakings ( Task 3 ) as they will be easier to carry through and participants can direct their effects more purposefully as there is merely one correct re ply ( see Appendix IV B ) . Furthermore, undertakings affecting duologues should continue those affecting soliloquies every bit good as describing speeches/ presentations that might be extremely complex for scholars and need truth and eloquence to be accomplished. All three undertakings include consciousness-raising activities ( listening or reading transcripts of comparing, see Appendix II ) so as to â€Å"diminish the cognitive burden of the chief undertaking which comes afterwards. Therefore, scholars can be induced to remember conventional cognition they already have which is relevant to the undertaking they will make† ( Manolopoulou-Sergi et al. , 2004:180 ) . Similarly, the undertakings require mention largely to events go oning now as the attending is drawn on learners’ eloquence although much more cognitively demanding mention to events go oning elsewhere in clip and infinite could be added.â€Å"There is flexibleness in timing and grouping, with alternate functions being assigned to pupils at different times, and groups being rearranged in different ways, to supply more chances for students to ordain different roles† ,( Carless, 2002:394 ) . Another factor taken into history in sequencing undertakings is one manner or two manner constellation of information. â€Å"In a one-way constellation, all of the information related to the undertaking is given to one scholar who must pass on it to the other. In a bipartisan constellation the information is related to the undertaking is distributed among all of the scholars who must portion and incorporate it. In this respect, one manner undertakings promote less dialogue of intendi ng than two-way undertakings which affects the complexness of the tasks†( Ahmadi, 2014:338 ) , and hence should continue bipartisan undertakings. Finally, clip force per unit area put on pupils ( which will overload students’ attending ) and the support they have from their instructor or other scholars ( more support will perchance ease the undertaking ) are taken into history. Gradually increasing the complexness of undertakings is of import as it â€Å"may motivate scholars to look for more and more aid in the input, go toing to facilitative signifiers made salient by teacher intercession† ( Manolopoulou-Sergi et al. , 2004:178 ) . However, what is more of import for me is to increase the complexness of pedagogic demands in order to bit by bit come close the complexness of the existent universe.

August

Sampling products at various stores In Sioux Falls and surrounding areas. Provide customer service to customers In store at all times. Inventory of products before and after sales and record numbers to marketing firm. Send invoice of completion of position. Medication Aid Resident Assistant 11/08- 2/1 1 DOD Rumen Assisted Living Provided nursing care assigned by staff nurse Provided nursing care In conformance with established standards and administrative policies. Performed room checks Assisted with organizing charts Charted blood pressures, Tall's Passed medication as scheduled and PORN BasisOther duties as assigned Medication Aid 10/07-02/08 Ward Assisted Living Sioux Falls, South Dakota Administer medications to residents at scheduled times and as needed. Assist with dietary needs of residents Housekeeping, cleaning of residents residential room's and assist with daily laundry Other Duties as assigned Independent Contractor 1 1104-present Haute Model/Reel People Talent Agency Oma ha, Nebraska Worked cooperatively with employer on pre-marketing sales promotions. Researched product prior to marketing to customers. Set up and gather inventory for specific product demonstrations.Ensure that the product and services provided to customers are effective and satisfactory. Prepare post-inventory report at the completion of event. Customer Assistance Professional 08/02-04/04 1st Financial Bank; USA Sioux Falls South Dakota Advised credit card holders of delinquency on billing statements. Proposed variety of payment program solutions to bring customers up to date. Provide positive feedback on budgeting, maintaining balances and establishing good credit. Provide superior customer service via telephone.

American Studies Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

American Studies - Movie Review Example The title of the film, as well as the term used to describe its characters, is disturbing, although it is the term that circus performers have traditionally used to refer to themselves. There is much about the film that is disturbing, and not just because it is a horror film. Joan Hawkins (1996), in her discussion of the film, treats the two most obvious identify features, disability and gender. Because identity is more complicated than that, however, I would include race, although I agree with Hawkins’ interpretations. As Douglas C. Baynton (2001) has rightly points out, â€Å"Disability has functioned historically to justify inequality for disabled people themselves, but it has also been done so for women and minority groups† (33). I would say that the characters in â€Å"Freaks† consider themselves a race of people, the membership of which depends upon their status as people with disabilities. When the freaks decide to accept the trapeze artist Cleopatra into their community, even though she is â€Å"normal,† they perform an elaborate, religious-like ceremony to commemorate it.

Management (family-business) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management (family-business) - Essay Example ne that has its ownership having 50% and above shares owned by a certain family though most are those that are completely owned and controlled by a single family entity (Gordon 2008 p 7). The success of these businesses faces various challenges which have been discussed in this essay. Also, they have their advantages over nonfamily businesses especially in attracting customer loyalty as well as other factors that have been discussed. Succession also has been identified as a key issue that results to conflicts especially in the process of passing the business from one generation to the other. This essay is an evaluation of the criteria that academics and others use to assess the relative success of a family business. A family business is one whereby a family owns 50% or more of its property. It could be an inheritance from previous generations in the family linage or it could be an investment of the current generation in the family. Family businesses are faced by various challenges which may determine their success. Some of these challenges may arise due to the emotional attachments that family members may have on the business (Fleming 2002 p 67). For example, a case of divorce or separation may tamper with the administrative roles that the partners may hold. This may result to poor communication which is an essential tool in the well being of the business. As such, the formulation of policies and strategies may be hindered thus leading to the downfall of the business. Successful family businesses are those which disintegrate family issues with business. Personal differences should be solved in different avenues other than in business meetings and also business issues should not be discussed in family gatherings such as weddings and parties. If this is not checked, it may interfere with the well being of the two institutions which may result to constant conflicts. Any time wasted through poor interpersonal relationships between the family members should be

The Impact of Information Technology on the Role of Human Resources Term Paper

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Na Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

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Strategic Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

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Developing the Corporate Strategy for Information Security Research Paper

Developing the Corporate Strategy for Information Security - Research Paper Example Example: Implementation of this function in the organization can be done through the utilization of risk assessment tools in order to depict potential risks to information security. Management of the Risk Another vital function of CISO is managing the risks, which are interrelated with the functions of continuous assessment. Based on the results of the assessment, the officer is liable to develop strategies and plans in order to mitigate these threats (Whitman & Mattord, 2010; Homeland Security, 2007). Example: In an organization, this function can be accommodated by determining risk management strategies, having continuous monitoring of the organizational processes. Implementation of Designed Program Another vital function of CISO calls for proper implementation of the designed programs to ensure that the organizational strategies are applied in an ethical and hazard-free manner. This function of the officer is quite vital, as efficiency of the other functions tend to be highly depe nded on its proper execution (Whitman & Mattord, 2010; Homeland Security, 2007). Example: For the effective execution of this function, the CISO would need to utilize management techniques so that successful implementation of the organizational strategies can be assured. b. ... the competency to manage a control plan restricting inappropriate access to information that may hamper organizational interests either directly or indirectly (EC-Council, 2013; Homeland Security, 2007). Physical Security In accordance to this competency, CISO will need to be familiar with the standards, policies and laws associated with physical security. In this regard, it would also be vital for the CISO to determine the importance of such physical assets for any organization. Owing to this understanding, CISO will be able to gain the competency to manage and develop a coherent plan to ensure the overall information security within the organization (EC-Council, 2013; Homeland Security, 2007). Risk Management Mitigation as well as proper treatment of the threats being identified, is among the core competencies of CISO. In this regard, CISO should also need to be aware about the various resources that would be required towards determining proper risk management plan for the potentia l threats. It would be worth mentioning in this regard that successful mitigation of risk is directly dependent on this competency of CISO (EC-Council, 2013; Homeland Security, 2007). 2. The Chief Information Officer (CIO)’s functions within an organization a. Four (4) functions of CIO Manage A major function of a CIO is to determine the risks associated with information security of an organization. This can be done on the basis of facilitated understanding of policies and regulatory norms, related to managing the information. These functions will also include managing the strategic plans as well as programs associated with the information technology practiced within an organization (United States Dept. of Homeland Security, 2011; Homeland Security, 2007). Example: This function of a CIO

Technical textiles Essay Example for Free

Technical textiles Essay A small proportion of technical textiles are manufactured from high-end fibres like Kevlar or Nomex. Most technical textiles are made from everyday fibres such as polyester, polypropylene, polyamide or acrylic. Gore-Tex ® fabrics are created by laminating the Gore-Tex ® membrane to high performance textiles, then sealing them with a solution for guaranteed waterproof protection. Phosphorescent textiles are a class of luminescent materials that show long-lasting bright afterglow in dark after charged by a source of light capable of exciting the material to a persistent excited state. Some other technical textiles are Scotchlite, electronic textiles, the smart bra, microfibres, Nano-fibres and Skintex skincare. Smart fibres have been developed to provide functions that will respond to and protect our bodies. They can be said to be intelligent because of their ability to react to external stimuli or changes in the environment without human intervention. Smart fibres are split into four categories; Biomimetic fibres that mimic nature, Shape Memory textiles, Sense and Track fibres and Chromatic fibres. Biomimetic fibres mimic good design in nature; some of these include Fastskin by Speedo and a fabric by Stomatex. Fastskin enables the swimmer to be streamlined by reducing passive drag by up to 4%. Stomatex uses a pattern of dome-shaped vapour chambers to allow body heat and perspiration to exit through tiny pores at a controlled rate. The body temperature remains stable at whatever activity is being carried out. Technical textiles differ from Smart fibres due to the fact that they have different uses. Smart fibres were developed to provide functions that will respond to our bodies and protect them, whereas technical textiles already have a function and usually respond to changes in the environment. Most smart fibres aim to enhance performance, for example fastskin aims to reduce drag for swimmers and stomatex aims to maintain a stable body temperature throughout exercise, probably enabling you to work harder for longer. Technical textiles have different functions, they are widely used for their useful functions. Scotchlite if for safety, it reflects light, enabling the wearer to be seen in the dark by headlights or torches. The smart bra detects the early stages of breast cancer using microwave antennae. Odour control- does as it says; an antimicrobial agent can be encapsulated within the fibres to prevent bacterial growth. Technical textiles can be extremely useful to users in the 21st century. Softswitch joined forces with ONeill to produce the first wearable electronics product with Bluetooth. The ski jacket was adapted to withstand snowboarding environments, and many functions such as a mobile phone and mp3 player were integrated into the sportswear. Also woven into the jacket are electrically conductive fabric tracks which connect the chip module to a fabric keyboard and built in speakers to the hood. There is a microphone integrated into the collar of the jacket for phone calls. This is similar to the Nike ACG Comm jacket. It is Nikes latest snow jacket and comes with a built in radio, microphone and earpiece. Equipment like this could be lifesaving. If you are taking part in snowsports and you happen to get hurt you can communicate via the built in functions, this is particularly useful in the 21st century as many people go skiing and snowboarding off-piste and if theyre not careful they may get injured, the only way for them to communicate could be via the built in communicational devices. Nomex is a registered trademark for a flame-resistant meta-aramid material developed in the early 1960s by DuPont (now Invista) and first marketed in 1967. A Nomex hood is a common piece of firefighting equipment. The hood protects the parts of the head that are no covered by the helmet and face mask from the intense heat of the fire. Most of a fire-fighters suit would be made from Nomex

Growth of Heritage and Cultural Industry in the UK

Growth of Heritage and Cultural Industry in the UK Cultural heritage refers to the heritage sites that describe the unique culture of a society as well as in some cases it also refers to the culture of the whole nation. The UK is very rich with its heritage sites. Well, most of the heritage sites are man-made but there are some heritage sites that are natural such as wildlife, natural landscape, woodland, national parks and so on. Well, in the UK most of the attractive man-made heritage sites are_ British museum, Royal Academy of Arts, and in the UK there are lots of heritage historical buildings, monuments, a sculpture that make the heritage sites of UK rich. Different types of people come to visit these place such as_ students, researchers, tourists with family and so on. All of them have their own purpose to come here. Well, cultural and heritage sites in the UK play very significant role in the economic growth of UK. As the tourists number is increasing day by day the earnings from this sector also increase day by day. And that also increases the overall GDP of UK as well as increase the standard of living. The cultural and heritage sites are preserved by the government for the purpose of knowing people about their glorious history as well as culture. And the people only come to visit here when there will need it or they feel that they will get some benefit from the site if they visit. And if the people will not come to the purpose will not be fulfilled. For this reason, the responsible authority should give the proper benefit to the tourist so that they will come to visit the place and leave the place with huge satisfaction. P1.1 Analyze the growth and heritage of the heritage and cultural industry with special reference to the UK Heritage: Heritage is the tradition and legacy that is come from the past to the present. Well, heritage sites refer to that kind of place where the history was created. The legacy comes and the people still remember it as a part of the tradition. The government of a country preserves those heritage sites to let their citizens as well as rest of the world know their history and pride. Attractions: The UK is very rich with its heritage sites. Well, most of the heritage sites are man-made but there are some heritage sites that are natural such as wildlife, natural landscape, woodland, national parks and so on (Andrà ©s, 2013). Well, in the UK most of the attractive man-made heritage sites are_ British museum, Royal Academy of Arts, and in the UK there are lots of heritage historical buildings, monuments, a sculpture that make the heritage sites of UK rich. Cultural heritage: Culture is the moral belief, lifestyle, ritual of a specific society. The legacy comes and the people still remember it as a part of the tradition (Apostolakis and Jaffry, 2007). The government of a country preserves those heritage sites to let their citizens as well as rest of the world know their history and pride. Heritage is the tradition and legacy that is come from the past to the present. Cultural heritage refers to the heritage sites that describe the unique culture of a society as well as in some cases it also refers to the culture of the whole nation. The growth of heritage and cultural industry in the UK: The interest of people toward the cultural and heritage sites is increasing day by day because of the unique feature of those sites. In past days the heritage sites were not much popular, only the people came to visits those sites, who actually needed the information from those sites. But due to the advance technology and increasing awareness of people heritage sites is become is most attractive tourist place (Agapiou, Lysandrou, and Hadjimitsis, 2016). Different kinds of people from different countries are come to visit this sites. The increased number of tourist brings money with them and their money directly contributes to the national GDP of UK. Different types of people come to visit these place such as_ students, researchers, tourists with family and so on. All of them have their own purpose to come here. Well, cultural and heritage sites in the UK play very significant role in the economic growth of UK. The heritage and cultural sites earning are 5.17 Billion barring the domestic tourists and including domestic tourists, the procuring are 16.05 billion. Furthermore, it likewise appears through the social and legacy site 252704 individuals are getting to Employment including the characteristic legacy. IN UK the appearance for the heritage and cultural site 194.83 million of individuals. As the tourists number is increasing day by day the earnings from this sector also increase day by day. And that also increases the overall GDP of UK as well as increase the standard of living. P1.2 Discuss potential conflicts in the conservation of heritage and cultural resources referring to the case studies. For this task, a case study is given, and the case study describes the city of Lhasa, Well as Lhasa is already developed with the cultural and heritage sites. The Chinese government recently thinks about the development in this city. The government wants to build theme parks in Lhasa as well as he also wants to build a hotel for the tourist who will come to visit the city. Based on the development different conflicts arise and this is described in this following report. Potential Conflicts of interests Reason of Conflicts of interests, based on the case study of Lhasa, Tibet The case study describes that the Chinese government recently think about the development in this city. The government wants to build theme parks in Lhasa as well as he also wants to build a hotel for the tourist who will come to visit the city (Wang, 2015). The criteria of development are very large. Well as Lhasa is already developed with the cultural and heritage sites. The hotel will contain 1000 rooms and it will be very luxurious. Well, it is true that if the development takes place various tourists will come to visit the city. The activity that is taken by the Chinese government is great. In any case, there is some issue with each activity. The potential clash emerges among the distinctive partner who is included with the advancement (Bowitz and Ibenholt, 2009). Despite the fact that the activity will convey more travelers to the nation, the improvement will cost such a variety of things. The advancement can hurt the indigenous habitat of this range and additionally the proprietors of the other private legacy locales imagine that if the amusement parks will create they may lose their vacationer. The nearby individuals imagine that if the advancement is getting so much high that may endure them with parcel more things, for example, expanding the swarming, there is a possibility of blunder, and in addition, there is additionally a shot for harmed the conveying limit of these destinations. Well, whatever the thing is, each improvement has advantages and disadvantages. Now and then the improvement brings bliss for somebody and then again, the same advancement brings wretchedness for the other one. Therefore, the creator needs to test the ramifications of the improvement before beginning the advancement (Vallega, 2003). As the time develops every one of the general population is included in the tourism business. Presently a days everyone of the families has a portion of the empty once per year and every one of the general population will go in consistently. For this kind of examination, there are one thing is certain that is we as a whole impacting the tourism business. At the point when the lions share of individuals picked in one nation then the economy of this nation increment and the nation will be financially dissolvable. So the Chinese need to test the ramifications of the advancement and after that, the administration ought to step up with regards to the genuine i mprovement. P2.1 Assess the purpose of heritage and cultural attractions in meeting the needs of the different customers The cultural and heritage sites are preserved by the government for the purpose of knowing people about their glorious history as well as culture. And the people only come to visit here when there will need it or they feel that they will get some benefit from the site if they visit. And if the people will not come to the purpose will not be fulfilled. For this reason, the responsible authority should give the proper benefit to the tourist so that they will come to visit the place and leave the place with huge satisfaction. Heritage and cultural attractions of British museum: The British museum is the national museum of UK and it is dedicated to the history of the country, the culture of the country, the human history, and legacy of the country. It also contains the cultural and art and preserves it for the next generation (UÄÅ ¸uryol and KulakoÄÅ ¸lu, 2013). It was built in 1753 but it was opened publicly in 1759. It contains and preserves almost 8 million of works in different criteria. British museum also preserves the experiment of scientist and their books that is why this destination is so much attractive for the researchers. In here there are several types of tourist come to visit, some of them are students, some of them are scientists, some of them are researchers, and some of them are the common people visiting with their family. Well, they all have their purposes to visit. Students are come here to visit as they can learn so much from here, the researchers come here to get the information that is necessary for their researcher, scienti sts come here to visit and experience the previous works, and common people are actually come here to visit such historical sites with their family and they also interested in the history of this site. Well, as a different tourist has different interests, the management should ensure that all of the different interests can fulfil by the historical sight. So that the tourist and leave the place happily. Heritage and cultural attractions of Royal Academy of Arts: Royal academy of Arts is also most attractive heritage sights which are able to get the attention of people toward it. This site is dedicated to delivering the culture of this country as well as arts through different programs such as_ exhibitions, arranging events, seminars, campaigns etc. Different types of people are come to visit this place, some of them are students, some of them are scientists, some of them are researchers, and some of them are the common people visiting with their family (Severo and Venturini, 2015). Well, they all have their purposes to visit. Students are come here to visit as they can learn so much from here, the researchers come here to get the information that is necessary for their researcher, scientists come here to visit and experience the previous works, and common people are actually come here to visit such historical sites with their family and they also interested in the history of this site. Royal Academy of Arts delivers the history, pride, and h onor of the country through different culture, art and so on. To meet the need of its customer the organization should have to deliver the attraction according to the customers need. P3.1 Evaluate the Impact of different types of ownership on the management of heritage and cultural sites The management of cultural and heritage sites vary according to its ownership styles. In the UK there are lots of cultural and heritage sites are available and their ownership style also varies. Most of the cultural sites are owned by the government of UK, but there are some other heritage sites that are managed privately. And some of the cultural and heritage sites are managed by the joint public-private partnership. The impact of these different types of ownership styles on the management of the cultural and heritage sites are discussed below. Public Ownership Under public ownership, the management is controlled and monitored by the government of that country (Sanna, Atzeni and Spanu, 2008). In the UK the management of the British museum is controlled by the government of that country. IT is the national museum of UK and it is dedicated to the history of the country, the culture of the country, the human history, and legacy of the country. It also contains the cultural and art and preserves it for the next generation. It was built in 1753 but it was opened publicly in 1759. It contains and preserves almost 8 million of works in different criteria. British museum also preserves the experiment of scientist and their books that is why this destination is so much attractive for the researchers. In here there are several types of tourist come to visit, some of them are students, some of them are scientists, some of them are researchers, and some of them are the common people visiting with their family. The overall management of British Museum i s controlled by the government of UK as it is a national asset of UK. Private or commercial Ownership Under private ownership, the management of the sites as well as the overall control of those sites is controlled privately. There are various cultural and heritage sites are available in the UK that is controlled under private ownership. British Academy of Arts is one of the best examples of Private ownership. Royal academy of Arts is also most attractive heritage sights which are able to get the attention of people toward it (Rugani et al., 2011). This site is dedicated to delivering the culture of this country as well as arts through different programs such as_ exhibitions, arranging events, seminars, campaigns etc. Royal Academy of Arts delivers the history, pride, and honor of the country through different culture, art and so on. To meet the need of its customer the organization should have to deliver the attraction according to the customers need. Though it is controlled by the private ownership the owner should follow the rules and regulation that are imposed by the government. P3.2 Roles and responsibilities of organizations in the heritage and cultural industry As the heritage and cultural sites are managed by various ownership styles, each and every organization has to play some roles and responsibilities to manage the cultural and heritage sites. There are several types of tourist come to visit cultural and heritage sites, some of them are students, some of them are scientists, some of them are researchers, and some of them are the common people visiting with their family (Pinder and Vallega, 2003). Well, they all have their purposes to visit. Students are come here to visit as they can learn so much from here, the researchers come here to get the information that is necessary for their researcher, scientists come here to visit and experience the previous works, and common people are actually come here to visit such historical sites with their family and they also interested in the history of this site. Well, as a different tourist has different interests, the management should ensure that all of the different interests can fulfil by the historical sight. So that the tourist and leave the place happily. Cause they are the health of that organizations. If the tourist will not come then there will be no purpose for keeping these types of sites (Marrion, 2016). Well, for that the management of that organization should have to promote the destinations and they also have to provide those facilities that the tourists of these potential sights are seeking. Well, the management of this type of organization also responsible for keeping every important work within this organization as the national property. P4.1 Evaluate methods and media used for interpretation within the heritage and cultural industry for tourists. Cultural and heritage sites are becoming most popular places for a visit for the tourist in present days. From our college recently we took a tour to two most popular cultural and heritage sites of UK, one is British museum and another is Royal Academy of Arts (MacKinnon, 2014). Well, the management of those sites is actually responsible for the promotion of those sites. Different tourist has different interests, the management should ensure that all of the different interests can fulfil by the historical sight. So that the tourist and leave the place happily. Cause they are the health of that organizations. If the tourist will not come then there will be no purpose for keeping these types of sites (Khakzad and Van Balen, 2012). Well, for that the management of that organization should have to promote the destinations and they also have to provide those facilities that the tourists of these potential sights are seeking. Under public ownership, the management is controlled and monitor ed by the government of that country. In the UK the management of the British museum is controlled by the government of that country. IT is the national museum of UK and it is dedicated to the history of the country, the culture of the country, the human history, and legacy of the country. It also contains the cultural and art and preserves it for the next generation. Under private ownership, the management of the sites as well as the overall control of those sites is controlled privately. There are various cultural and heritage sites are available in the UK that is controlled under private ownership. British Academy of Arts is one of the best examples of Private ownership (Kahl, 2015). Royal Academy of Arts delivers the history, pride, and honor of the country through different culture, art and so on. As the tourists number is increasing day by day the earnings from this sector also increase day by day. And that also increases the overall GDP of UK as well as increase the standard of living. So the management of this organization has to promote these destinations to the potential tourists by using various media and most popular Medias are_ social networking sites, websites, web page, campaigns, the internet, television and so on. The UK is very rich with its heritage sites. Well, most of the heritage sites are man-made but there are some heritage sites that are natural such as wildlife, natural landscape, woodland, national parks and so on. Well, in the UK most of the attractive man-made heritage sites are_ British museum, Royal Academy of Arts, and in the UK there are lots of heritage historical buildings, monuments, a sculpture that make the heritage sites of UK rich. The management of cultural and heritage sites vary according to its ownership styles. In the UK there are lots of cultural and heritage sites are available and their ownership style also varies. Most of the cultural sites are owned by the government of UK, but there are some other heritage sites that are managed privately. And some of the cultural and heritage sites are managed by the joint public-private partnership. The management should ensure that all of the different interests can fulfil by the historical sight. So that the tourist and l eave the place happily. Cause they are the health of that organizations. If the tourist will not come then there will be no purpose for keeping these types of sites. For this reason, the responsible authority should give the proper benefit to the tourist so that they will come to visit the place and leave the place with huge satisfaction. References Agapiou, A., Lysandrou, V. and Hadjimitsis, D. (2016). The Cyprus coastal heritage landscapes within Marine Spatial Planning process. Journal of Cultural Heritage. Andrà ©s, M. (2013). Resources online in Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage. Estudos de Conservaà §Ãƒ £o e Restauro, 1(2). Apostolakis, A. and Jaffry, S. (2007). The effect of cultural capital on the probability to visit cultural heritage attractions. International Journal of Tourism Policy, 1(1), p.17. Bowitz, E. and Ibenholt, K. (2009). Economic impacts of cultural heritage Research and perspectives. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 10(1), pp.1-8. Kahl, C. (2015). Ethnic and minority cultures as tourist attractions. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 11(2), pp.203-204. Khakzad, S. and Van Balen, K. (2012). Complications and Effectiveness ofIn SituPreservation Methods for Underwater Cultural Heritage Sites. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites, 14(1-4), pp.469-478. MacKinnon, R. (2014). Heritage Conservation, UNESCO and Intangible Cultural Heritage in Eastern Canada. Ethnology, 36(1), p.383. Marrion, C. (2016). More effectively addressing fire/disaster challenges to protect our cultural heritage. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 20, pp.746-749. Pinder, D. and Vallega, A. (2003). Coastal cultural heritage and sustainable development: an introduction. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 4(1), pp.3-4. Rugani, B., Pulselli, R., Niccolucci, V. and Bastianoni, S. (2011). Environmental performance of a XIV Century water management system: An energy evaluation of cultural heritage. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 56(1), pp.117-125. Sanna, U., Atzeni, C. and Spanu, N. (2008). A fuzzy number ranking in project selection for cultural heritage sites. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 9(3), pp.311-316. Severo, M. and Venturini, T. (2015). Intangible cultural heritage webs: Comparing national networks with digital methods. New Media Society, 18(8), pp.1616-1635. UÄÅ ¸uryol, M. and KulakoÄÅ ¸lu, F. (2013). A preliminary study for the characterization of Kà ¼ltepes adobe soils with the purpose of providing data for conservation and archaeology. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 14(3), pp.e117-e124. Vallega, A. (2003). The coastal cultural heritage facing coastal management. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 4(1), pp.5-24. Wang, J. (2015). Flood risk maps to cultural heritage: Measures and process. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 16 (2), pp.210-220.